The Cha‰teau de Langeais, Indre-et-Loire, France was originally built as a fortress in the 10th century by Foulques Nerra of Anjou on a promontory created by the small valley of the Roumer River at the opening to the Val de Loire. The heavily fortified hall at the rear of the enclosure is thought to be the earliest datable stone examples of a keep in Europe.

The Cha‰teau de Langeais, Indre-et-Loire, France was originally built as a fortress in the 10th century by Foulques Nerra of Anjou on a promontory created by the small valley of the Roumer River at the opening to the Val de Loire. The heavily fortified hall at the rear of the enclosure is thought to be the earliest datable stone examples of a keep in Europe.